Which class of medication is known to potentially increase intraocular pressure (IOP)?

Corticosteroids are known to potentially increase intraocular pressure (IOP). They can induce a condition known as steroid-induced glaucoma in susceptible individuals, particularly with prolonged use or high doses. This occurs due to the steroids' effect on the trabecular meshwork and aqueous humor outflow, leading to a buildup of fluid within the eye.

While cannabinoids have been explored for their effects on intraocular pressure, they are generally considered to reduce IOP rather than increase it. Phenothiazines, although they have a range of side effects, are not commonly associated with a direct increase in IOP. Cardiac glycosides primarily affect heart function and are not known to have a significant impact on IOP either. Therefore, corticosteroids are the class of medication that stands out for their well-documented potential to elevate intraocular pressure.