What is the primary topical hyperosmotic agent used for corneal edema?

Muro 128, which contains sodium chloride, is the primary topical hyperosmotic agent used for treating corneal edema. Corneal edema occurs when fluid accumulates in the cornea, leading to swelling and decreased transparency, often resulting in visual impairment.

Sodium chloride acts by creating a hypertonic solution, which draws excess fluid out of the cornea through osmosis. This reduction in fluid helps to reduce corneal swelling, restore transparency, and improve visual acuity. Muro 128 is specifically formulated for this purpose and is commonly prescribed for patients suffering from corneal edema due to various conditions, such as dystrophies or post-surgical changes.

Other agents, such as glycerine and isosorbide, are used in different contexts. Glycerine is often used as an osmotic agent in oral or systemic formulations to manage intraocular pressure, but it is not the primary choice for corneal edema. Isosorbide may have applications in various medical treatments but is not as widely recognized for this particular indication in ophthalmology. Fluorescein, on the other hand, is primarily a dye used for staining the cornea during examinations and does not have properties that would address corneal edema.

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