Topical prostaglandins typically reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by approximately how much percent?

Topical prostaglandins are a class of medications commonly used to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension. They primarily work by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway. On average, the reduction in IOP achieved by these agents is approximately 30% to 35%, with many clinicians citing a reduction around 33%.

This efficacy stems from the way prostaglandins facilitate drainage of the aqueous humor, leading to a significant decrease in pressure within the eye. Additionally, prostaglandins are favored for their convenience as they are usually administered once daily and can maintain their effectiveness over a long period. This makes them a cornerstone in the pharmacological management of elevated IOP.

The percentage of IOP reduction can vary depending on the specific prostaglandin used and the individual patient’s response, but 33% is a commonly accepted average for the effectiveness of this class of drugs, aligning well with clinical experience and studies that illustrate their impact on lowering IOP.