CAIs should not be taken if a patient has which of the following allergies?

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (CAIs), such as acetazolamide, belong to a class of drugs that can cause hypersensitivity reactions in individuals with a known allergy to sulfonamides (sulfas). This is particularly relevant because the structure of many CAIs is similar to sulfonamides, which may trigger an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals. Symptoms of such a reaction can range from mild rashes to severe anaphylactic responses.

In contrast, the other options (penicillins, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones) represent different classes of antibiotics and do not exhibit the same structural similarities with CAIs that sulfonamides do, meaning that an allergy to these antibiotics does not necessarily contraindicate the use of CAIs. Thus, patients with a known sulfa allergy should avoid taking CAIs to prevent potential allergic reactions.